LEAD-ACID battery desulfation TECHNOLOGIES
1. Negative pulse: This method has been used for more than 30 years. A disadvantage is that in the process of negative charge pulse, temperature rises and deteriorates the battery life.
2. Add active agent: Using chemical methods to eliminate lead sulfate crystallization. One of the disadvantages is its high cost. Another thing is that it does increase battery internal resistance, but also changes the original electrolyte chemistry. The restoration rate is about 45%.
3. High frequency pulse: The pulse waves break the large sulfate crystals into smaller, easier dissolvable. The restoration rate is about 60 %. However, this is a slow process and in cases of heavy sulfation may take a week to be completed.
4. Applying an equalizing charge, in which the charge voltage threshold of each cell is increased by about 200mV, typically from 2.30V to 2.50V. During the process the battery condition is monitored and a high current is periodically applied stimulating dissolving of the lead sulfate crystals. The efficiency of this method is about 70% but using it in combination with computerized discharger brings the efficiency to over 95%.